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Open Water Feature Enhancement and Change Detection for Multi-Temporal Satellite Images by Modified Normalized Difference Water Index Principal Component (MNDWI2-PC) Analysis

M. Hema Latha, S. Varadarajan

Abstract



In this paper, Landsat- 5 TM images are enhanced by modified normalized difference water index (MNDWI). Here near infra red band (NIR) in normalized difference water index (NDWI) is replaced by middle infra red (MIR) band for these multi spectral satellite images. Modified normalized difference water index (MNDWI) enhances the open water features by suppressing and removing land noise generated by built-up areas, soil and vegetation. The enhanced water feature extraction using NDWI is mixed up with built-up areas, soil and vegetation. The result is water feature extraction is over estimated. So, MNDWI is found more suitable for water feature extraction without land noise. In proposed work new Modified normalized difference water index (MNDWI2-PC) is applied for multi-spectral Landsat 5-TM (Thematic Mapper). Here MIR is replaced by short wave infra red band (SWIR). MNDWI2-PC gave better results in terms of accuracy assessment, area calculation and change detection. Pixel-based change detection is performed in this paper. The method is implemented on Pulicat Lake in Andhra Pradesh. MNDWI2 water feature extraction is applied to Pulicat Lake. Accuracy assessment is performed for this Lake for 1997 and 2007. The proposed method is useful for study of surface water detection and flood management. The Pulicat Lake is shrunk in 2007 compared to 1997.

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